A Window into Iraq's Scientific Innovation
Imagine a bridge connecting the sophisticated mathematics of ancient Mesopotamia with the cutting-edge research of modern Iraq.
This is the role played by the Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science (AQJPS), a scientific publication that brings Iraqi innovation to the global stage. Located at the University of Al-Qadisiyah, this journal serves as a crucial platform for Iraqi scientists to share their discoveries with the international research community1 . In a region often overshadowed by geopolitical challenges, AQJPS represents the persistent voice of reason and scientific inquiry that continues to emerge from Iraq.
For researchers at Iraqi universities, publishing in this journal means their work becomes accessible to scholars worldwide.
The journal covers mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, and environmental science1 .
Graph theory might sound intimidating, but you actually use its principles regularly in daily life. When you use a GPS to find the shortest route to your destination, you're applying graph theory concepts. Essentially, graph theory studies connections between points (called "nodes") using lines ("edges"). Think of it as a sophisticated map where we care not just about locations, but about how they interconnect6 .
Recent research published in Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science has explored how directed graphs (where connections have specific directions, like one-way streets) can create new mathematical frameworks.
We often need to work with incomplete or vague information in both science and daily life. Rough set theory provides mathematical tools to handle such uncertainty. Imagine trying to describe "tall people" when height varies continuously—rough set theory helps create meaningful categories despite such ambiguity.
Researchers publishing in AQJPS have developed novel approaches to rough set theory using specialized graph concepts. They've created what they call "c-lower approximations" and "c-upper approximations"—mathematical ways to define what definitely belongs to a category and what might possibly belong6 .
In a groundbreaking 2023 study published in Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science, Iraqi mathematicians set out to bridge two seemingly separate mathematical worlds: graph theory and topology6 .
The researchers followed these key steps in their experimental approach:
They created a new mathematical concept called "DG-open sets" based on domination in directed graphs6 .
They proved these DG-open sets satisfied the necessary conditions to form legitimate topological spaces6 .
They investigated how concepts like "interior" and "closure" behaved in this novel framework6 .
They connected their new topological spaces to rough set theory6 .
The experiment yielded several significant breakthroughs with potential applications across multiple fields. The researchers successfully established that domination properties in directed graphs could indeed define legitimate topological spaces, creating a new branch of mathematics now referred to as "DG-topological spaces"6 .
| Property | Traditional Topology | DG-Topology |
|---|---|---|
| Basis | Defined by distance metrics | Defined by domination in directed graphs |
| Applications | Physics, engineering | Network optimization, data analysis |
| Handling Uncertainty | Limited | Enhanced through rough set connections |
| Computational Implementation | Often computationally intensive | Potentially more efficient for network problems |
Perhaps most impressively, the research demonstrated practical applications of these abstract mathematical concepts. The connection between DG-topological spaces and rough set theory proved particularly valuable, offering new ways to handle uncertain or incomplete data—a common challenge in artificial intelligence and decision-making systems6 .
| Research Component | Function & Purpose |
|---|---|
| Directed Graphs | Represent relationships with directionality (e.g., one-way streets in a city network) |
| Topological Spaces | Provide framework for studying properties preserved under continuous deformation |
| Rough Set Theory | Offer mathematical tools for working with vague, uncertain, or incomplete data |
| Approximation Operators | Enable categorization of objects into definite and possible membership groups |
| Open Sets (DG-Open) | Form the building blocks for creating new topological spaces from graph structures |
The innovative research published in Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science represents more than theoretical exercises—they have real-world applications that could impact various technologies. The connection between graph theory, topology, and rough sets provides powerful new tools for optimizing complex networks, from transportation systems to digital communications6 .
With approximately 309 papers published and a growing citation impact, the journal plays a vital role in reintegrating Iraqi researchers into the international scientific community4 .
| Field of Application | Potential Benefit |
|---|---|
| Urban Planning | Optimizing one-way traffic systems and public transportation routes |
| Computer Networks | Improving data routing efficiency and network security protocols |
| Artificial Intelligence | Enhancing machine learning algorithms that work with uncertain information |
| Medical Diagnosis | Developing better systems for categorizing symptoms and test results |
| Environmental Modeling | Creating more accurate models of directional flows in ecosystems |
Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science represents far more than just another academic publication—it stands as a testament to the resilience of scientific inquiry in regions often overlooked in global science discourse.
Through its pages, Iraqi researchers continue to contribute innovative ideas to our collective knowledge, from novel mathematical frameworks to solutions for local and global challenges. The journal's journey mirrors the determination of the scientific spirit to find light even in difficult circumstances.
For the international community, supporting and engaging with publications like AQJPS is not merely an academic exercise—it's an investment in diverse perspectives that can solve universal problems. As these Iraqi researchers continue to explore the elegant patterns hidden in graphs, sets, and topological spaces, they remind us that mathematics truly is a universal language—one that transcends borders and builds bridges toward a better understanding of our complex world.